The future lies not in mimicking Silicon Valley but in embracing the Bharat-first approach: regionalized AI, powered by small language models and built on the bedrock of accessible hardware.
While CoP-30 at Belém will have another round of global climate deliberations, it’s the world’s innovators—public and private—we must rely on to rewrite the script.
The paper analyses how open and well-governed Digital Public Infrastructure can drive private sector innovation and inclusive economic growth, positioning it as a “really new” institutional innovation between SaaS and general-purpose technologies.
The paper explores how the layered structure of Digital Public Infrastructure (spanning identity, payments, data sharing, and discovery) drives economic transformation when effectively integrated and governed as a coherent, networked system.
Joel Mokyr, the 2025 Nobel Laureate, argues that sustained economic growth—from the Industrial Revolution to China’s industrial success—relies on a powerful synergy.
Given its rising popularity, it is important to examine it through a critical lens. Much depends on how industrial policy is crafted. The tale of Korea’s Hyundai versus Malaysia’s Proton offers a lesson.